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From: Wayne Gatewood, Jr
Subject: Veterans News for July 24 & 25, 2012
Today in History:
- 1722 – Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.
- 1755 – British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians. Thousands of Acadians are sent to the British Colonies in America, France and England. Some later move to Louisiana, while others resettle inNew Brunswick.
- 1758 – Seven Years' War: the island battery at Fortress Louisbourg in Nova Scotia is silenced and all French warships are destroyed or taken.
- 1759 – French and Indian War: in Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
- 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The war's last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by preliminary peace agreement.
- 1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French Royal Family is harmed.
- 1797 – Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
- 1799 – At Aboukir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.
- 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane – reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls for General Riall's British and Canadianforces and a bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 18.00; the Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
- 1853 – Joaquin Murietta, the famous Californio bandit known as "Robin Hood of El Dorado", is killed.
- 1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
- 1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the five-star rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant GeneralUlysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
- 1868 – Wyoming becomes a United States territory.
- 1869 – The Japanese daimyō begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (TraditionalJapanese Date: June 17, 1869).
- 1893 – The Corinth Canal in the Gulf of Corinth, Greece is used for the first time.
- 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
- 1898 – After over two months of sea-based bombardment, the United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins with U.S. troops led by General Nelson Miles landing at harbor of Guánica, Puerto Rico.
- 1915 – RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British military aviator to earn the Victoria Cross, for defeating three German two-seat observation aircraft in one day, over the Western Front.
- 1917 – Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
- 1920 – Telecommunications: the first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast takes place.
- 1920 – France captures Damascus.
- 1934 – The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
- 1940 – General Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
- 1942 – Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the Nazis.
- 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by his own Italian Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
- 1944 – World War II: Operation Spring – one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war: 1,500 casualties, including 500 killed.
- 1946 – Operation Crossroads: an atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini atoll.
- 1946 – At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.
- 1952 – The U.S. non-incorporated colonial territory of Puerto Rico adopts a constitution of local-limited powers, approved by theUnited States Congress in contravention of then-current international law.
- 1959 – SR-N1 hovercraft crosses the English Channel from Calais to Dover in just over 2 hours.
- 1961 – In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
- 1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric as he plugs in at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
- 1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects itsAsian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
- 1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.
- 1978 – The Cerro Maravilla incident occurs.
- 1978 – Louise Brown, the world's first "test tube baby" is born.
- 1979 – Another section of the Sinai Peninsula is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.
- 1983 – Black July: 37 Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellowSinhalese prisoners.
- 1984 – Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
- 1993 – Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese callSeven-Day War.
- 1993 – The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
- 1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, which formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
- 1995 – A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.
- 1996 – In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
- 2007 – Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.
- 2010 – Wikileaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.
VA Veterans News for Tuesday, July 24, 2012. Thanks to Kevin Secor, VA VSO Liaison
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